Sinus allergy, also known as allergic sinusitis, is a reaction within the sinuses triggered by exposure to allergens, such as dust, pollen, smoke, or animal dander.
Essentially, when a person with a sinus allergy encounters these substances (inhalants), their immune system overreacts. This overreaction leads to inflammation and congestion in the sinuses, the air-filled spaces in the skull that connect to the nasal passages.
Key characteristics of sinus allergy:
- Triggered by Inhalants: The primary cause is exposure to airborne allergens like pollen, dust mites, mold spores, animal dander, and smoke.
- Inflammation: The allergic reaction causes inflammation of the sinus lining.
- Family History: A family history of allergies or asthma increases the likelihood of developing sinus allergies.
- Symptoms: Symptoms often include nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, itchy eyes, sinus pressure, and headache.
- Common in Childhood: Allergic sinusitis is particularly prevalent in early childhood.
- Food Sensitivities: Certain individuals might also be sensitive to specific foods.
Distinguishing from a Cold or Sinus Infection:
While the symptoms of a sinus allergy can overlap with those of a common cold or a sinus infection, key differences exist. Allergies are not caused by viruses or bacteria. They're triggered by allergens and are not contagious. A fever is less likely with allergies.
In summary, sinus allergy is an immune system response to inhaled allergens that causes inflammation and congestion within the sinuses. It is important to distinguish sinus allergies from colds or sinus infections for appropriate treatment.
