Why Do I Get Allergy Attacks?

Allergy attacks happen because your immune system mistakenly identifies a harmless substance as a threat. These harmless substances, called allergens, trigger an overreaction from your body's defense system.

Some of the most common allergens include:

• Pollen: From trees, grasses, and weeds.
• Ragweed: A particularly potent pollen allergen.
• Pet dander: Tiny flakes of skin shed by animals.
• Dust mites: Microscopic creatures that live in dust.
• Mold: A type of fungus found both indoors and outdoors.

When you encounter one of these allergens, your body releases histamine and other chemicals, leading to allergy symptoms.

Allergy Symptoms

Symptoms vary in severity, ranging from mild to severe. Common symptoms include:

• Sneezing
• Itching: Of the skin, nose, eyes, or roof of the mouth
• Runny or stuffy nose
• Watery, red eyes
• Fatigue

More severe reactions can include difficulty breathing or swelling.

How the Immune System Plays a Role

Your immune system, designed to protect you from harmful invaders, is overly sensitive in people with allergies. It mistakes harmless allergens for dangerous substances, initiating an immune response that causes allergy symptoms. This is why people with a family history of allergies are at increased risk. The severity of the reaction depends on factors such as the amount of allergen encountered and individual sensitivity.

Avoiding Allergy Attacks

Minimizing exposure to known allergens is key to managing allergy attacks. This might involve:

• Avoiding triggers: Staying indoors during high pollen counts.
• Keeping your home clean: Regularly dusting and vacuuming.
• Using air filters: To remove allergens from the air.
• Washing bedding frequently: To remove dust mites.
• Managing pets: Regularly grooming pets and keeping them out of bedrooms.