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What is Sternum?

Published in Anatomy Bone 2 mins read

The sternum, also known as the breastbone, is a flat, vertical bone located at the center of your chest. It plays a crucial role in protecting vital organs and supporting the chest structure.

Functions of the Sternum

The sternum serves several key functions:

  • Protection: The sternum's primary role is to protect the delicate organs in your chest cavity, such as your heart and lungs.
  • Support: It provides a stable point of attachment for ribs, muscles, and cartilage, contributing to the overall structure and integrity of the ribcage. The reference text states, "It connects to other bones and muscles and forms part of your ribcage, which protects your heart and lungs."
  • Muscle Attachment: Several chest and abdominal muscles attach to the sternum, aiding in movement and respiration.

Structure and Location

  • The sternum is a flat bone situated vertically at the front of the chest.
  • It connects to the ribcage through costal cartilage.
  • The sternum is divided into three parts: the manubrium (upper part), the body (middle part), and the xiphoid process (lower part).

Sternum Pain

While most sternum pain is not serious, it's important to understand potential causes. As mentioned in the reference, "Many different conditions can cause sternum pain, but most aren't serious." Here are a few possible reasons for sternum pain:

  • Costochondritis: Inflammation of the cartilage connecting the ribs to the sternum.
  • Injury: Direct impact or trauma to the chest.
  • Muscle Strain: Overuse or strain of the muscles connected to the sternum.
  • Arthritis: Degeneration of the joints surrounding the sternum.

It is important to consult a medical professional if you experience persistent or severe sternum pain to determine the underlying cause and receive proper treatment.