The forearm is the section of the upper limb that extends from the elbow to the wrist. It consists of two long bones, the radius and the ulna, which are connected by the interosseous membrane. The radius is located on the thumb side of the forearm, while the ulna is on the pinky side. These bones work together to allow for a wide range of movements, including pronation (turning the palm down) and supination (turning the palm up), as well as flexion and extension of the wrist and elbow.
The forearm houses numerous muscles, which can be categorized as intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic muscles originate and insert within the forearm and primarily control pronation, supination, and fine motor movements of the hand. Extrinsic muscles originate in the upper arm or shoulder and insert in the forearm or hand, contributing to flexion and extension of the wrist and fingers.
Forearm fractures are among the most common injuries, especially in children, and can occur during falls, sports activities, or other traumatic events. These fractures can involve either the radius or ulna or both, and their treatment depends on the severity of the injury.
