What is a Palatine Bone?

A palatine bone is one of a pair of L-shaped bones located in the posterior part of the nasal and oral cavities. They are classified as irregular bones and play a crucial role in forming the nasal cavities, the bony hard palate (roof of the mouth), and contributing to the structure of the viscerocranium (facial skeleton).

Structure and Location

The palatine bones are situated behind the maxillae (upper jaw bones). Each bone contributes to:

• The hard palate: The horizontal plate of the palatine bone forms the posterior part of the hard palate.
• The nasal cavity: The perpendicular plate of the palatine bone forms part of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity.
• The orbit: A small portion also contributes to the floor of the orbit (eye socket).

Function

The palatine bones are vital for:

• Structural Support: They provide structural integrity to the nasal and oral cavities.
• Separation of Cavities: They contribute to the separation of the oral and nasal cavities, essential for proper breathing and eating.
• Muscle Attachment: They serve as attachment points for various muscles involved in swallowing and speech.

Clinical Significance

Defects in the palatine bones, such as cleft palate, can lead to difficulties in feeding, speech, and increased susceptibility to ear infections. Surgical interventions are often required to correct these defects.