"Subcutaneous" refers to the layer of tissue that lies directly beneath the skin. This layer is also known as the hypodermis or superficial fascia. The word "subcutaneous" originates from Latin and Greek, both meaning "beneath the skin." It is the deepest layer of the skin and sits above the deep fascia, which is a layer of connective tissue that surrounds muscles and organs.
The subcutaneous layer primarily consists of fat, which serves as insulation and a protective cushion for the body. It also contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves, providing nutrients and removing waste from the skin.
Here are some examples of how the term "subcutaneous" is used in medical contexts:
- Subcutaneous injections: These injections are given into the subcutaneous layer, commonly used for administering medications like insulin, vaccines, and some antibiotics.
- Subcutaneous fat: This is the fat stored beneath the skin, playing a role in maintaining body temperature and protecting internal organs.
- Subcutaneous emphysema: This condition occurs when air leaks into the subcutaneous layer, often due to trauma or a medical procedure.
