The back of the ankle can hurt due to various reasons, often stemming from overuse or injury. A common cause is inflammation of a bursa, known as bursitis.
Common Causes of Pain at the Back of the Ankle
Here's a breakdown of potential causes:
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Bursitis: Overuse of the ankle joint, such as through frequent jumping, walking, or running, can inflame the bursa located at the back of the ankle. This leads to pain that may worsen with activity and is often sore to the touch. A noticeable bump, sometimes referred to as a "pump bump," might appear.
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Achilles Tendinitis: This condition involves inflammation of the Achilles tendon, which runs down the back of the lower leg and inserts into the heel bone. Overuse, sudden increases in activity, or improper footwear can contribute to Achilles tendinitis.
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Achilles Tendon Rupture: A sudden, forceful movement can rupture the Achilles tendon, causing immediate and severe pain in the back of the ankle.
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Haglund's Deformity: This bony enlargement on the back of the heel can irritate the Achilles tendon and surrounding tissues, leading to pain.
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Posterior Ankle Impingement: Compression of soft tissues in the back of the ankle, often due to repetitive plantarflexion (pointing the toes), can cause pain. This is common in dancers and athletes.
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Nerve Entrapment: The posterior tibial nerve runs behind the ankle. Compression or irritation of this nerve can cause pain, numbness, or tingling in the ankle and foot.
Symptoms Associated with Ankle Pain
Symptoms can vary depending on the cause but may include:
- Pain that worsens with activity
- Stiffness
- Tenderness to the touch
- Swelling
- Difficulty walking or putting weight on the ankle
- A popping or snapping sensation (in the case of an Achilles tendon rupture)
When to Seek Medical Attention
It's important to seek medical attention if:
- The pain is severe.
- You cannot put weight on your ankle.
- There is significant swelling or bruising.
- You suspect an Achilles tendon rupture.
- The pain doesn't improve with rest and home treatment.
A healthcare professional can properly diagnose the cause of your ankle pain and recommend appropriate treatment.
