The most prominent and widely recognized red ants in Colombia are often referred to as fire ants, specifically the species Solenopsis invicta.
Solenopsis Invicta: The Red Imported Fire Ant
One of the most notable red ants found in Colombia, and indeed native to South America, is Solenopsis invicta, commonly known as the fire ant or red imported fire ant (RIFA). This species is a member of the genus Solenopsis within the subfamily Myrmicinae. It was first described by the Swiss entomologist Felix Santschi in 1916 as a variant of S. saevissima.
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Common Names | Fire Ant, Red Imported Fire Ant (RIFA) |
| Scientific Name | Solenopsis invicta |
| Native Region | South America (including Colombia) |
| Subfamily | Myrmicinae |
| Distinguishing Characteristics | Aggressive behavior, painful sting, reddish-brown color, characteristic mound nests |
Key Characteristics and Behavior
- Appearance: These ants are typically reddish-brown to reddish-black in color, with workers varying in size within the same colony (polymorphic).
- Nests: Fire ants are known for building large, conspicuous mound nests in open areas, although they can also nest under objects or pavement.
- Aggressive Sting: Their most notable characteristic is their painful, venomous sting, which feels like a burning sensation, hence the name "fire ant." The sting often results in itchy, pus-filled pustules. They are aggressive defenders of their nests and will swarm and sting repeatedly when disturbed.
- Ecological Impact: While native to Colombia, Solenopsis invicta has become a significant invasive species in many parts of the world, posing ecological and agricultural threats due to their aggressive nature and rapid reproduction. In their native range, they are part of the local ecosystem.
Other Red Ant Species in Colombia
Colombia's immense biodiversity means that while Solenopsis invicta is the most famous "red ant," there are likely many other ant species with reddish coloration across various genera. These might include other Solenopsis species or members of different genera that exhibit similar hues. However, when people refer to "red ants" in the context of their impact or prevalence, Solenopsis invicta is almost always the species in question due to its distinctive sting and commonality.
