The two main types of auxiliary (AUX) cable connectors are TS (Tip-Sleeve) and TRS (Tip-Ring-Sleeve) connectors. These connector types determine how the audio signal is transmitted, affecting whether it's mono or stereo, and balanced or unbalanced.
Auxiliary cables, commonly known as AUX cables, utilize these connectors to transmit audio signals between devices. Understanding the distinction between TS and TRS is crucial for achieving the desired audio quality and compatibility.
Understanding TS (Tip-Sleeve) Connectors
TS connectors are designed for unbalanced mono signals. They feature two contact points:
- Tip: Carries the audio signal.
- Sleeve: Serves as the ground connection.
This simple design makes TS connectors suitable for single-channel audio applications where balancing is not required, such as instrument cables connecting a guitar to an amplifier, or many mono microphone cables.
Understanding TRS (Tip-Ring-Sleeve) Connectors
TRS connectors are more versatile, capable of handling either balanced mono signals or unbalanced stereo signals. They include an additional contact point:
- Tip: Carries the left audio channel (for stereo) or the positive signal (for balanced mono).
- Ring: Carries the right audio channel (for stereo) or the negative signal (for balanced mono).
- Sleeve: Functions as the common ground.
This extra contact allows for more complex audio transmission. For stereo applications, it separates the left and right audio channels. For balanced mono signals, it uses the tip and ring to help cancel out noise, which is particularly beneficial over longer cable runs.
Key Differences at a Glance
| Feature | TS (Tip-Sleeve) | TRS (Tip-Ring-Sleeve) |
|---|---|---|
| Contacts | 2 (Tip, Sleeve) | 3 (Tip, Ring, Sleeve) |
| Signal Type | Unbalanced Mono | Balanced Mono or Unbalanced Stereo |
| Common Use | Instrument cables, mono audio | Headphones, stereo audio, balanced audio |
What About TT Connectors?
Beyond the common TS and TRS types, you might encounter TT (Tiny Telephone) or bantam connectors. These are essentially mid-size TS or TRS connectors characterized by a smaller shaft. TT connectors are specifically designed and commonly used for audio patch bays in professional studio environments, allowing for high-density wiring and quick reconfigurations of audio signal paths. They maintain the same electrical principles as their larger TS and TRS counterparts but in a compact form factor.
In summary, when discussing types of AUX, the primary distinctions lie in the TS and TRS connector designs, which dictate their functionality for mono, stereo, balanced, or unbalanced audio applications.
