Pilots don't directly see all other planes on radar; air traffic controllers use radar to track aircraft locations and manage airspace. However, pilots can visually see other aircraft under certain conditions. The frequency with which they see other planes depends on factors like air traffic density, weather conditions, and altitude.
Visual Sightings vs. Radar
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Visual Sightings: Pilots often see other planes, especially during takeoff and landing, or when flying in busy airspace. At night, aircraft lights are visible. (Have you ever looked out of the plane window and see another ...) However, situations where another aircraft is easily visible alongside are relatively uncommon. (flight planning - Why do I never see any other planes in the sky ...)
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Radar: Pilots do not directly see other aircraft on their cockpit radar. Air traffic control uses radar to monitor aircraft positions and provide separation. (Can Pilots see other planes on Radars. It's important to know that Pilots do not see the other, Can a pilot see other airplanes from their cockpit? - Quora) The radar primarily shows weather information. (How do pilots know when other planes are flying near them, and ...)
Factors Affecting Visibility
- Altitude and Distance: The higher the altitude, the greater the distance at which another aircraft might be visible. However, distance is a significant limiting factor.
- Weather Conditions: Visibility is significantly reduced during adverse weather conditions such as fog, heavy rain, or snow.
- Air Traffic Density: In busy airspace, such as around major airports, the likelihood of seeing other aircraft is higher.
- Day or Night: Aircraft lights aid visibility at night.
Communication
While pilots don't typically communicate directly with other aircraft, air traffic control coordinates and manages all air traffic, informing pilots of nearby aircraft to maintain safe separation. There are apps like SkyPath under development aiming to improve pilot situational awareness, but this is not standard practice. (Do pilots talk to other airplanes in the sky? : r/fearofflying)
