Ultimately, the pilot in command controls the airplane.
While air traffic control (ATC) provides instructions and guidance, the pilot retains the final authority regarding the aircraft's safe operation. This means that in any situation, especially an emergency, the pilot can deviate from ATC instructions if necessary to maintain the safety of the aircraft and its occupants. The pilot's judgment is paramount.
The Pilot's Authority
According to the provided reference, "The pilot in command of an aircraft always retains final authority for its safe operation, and may, in an emergency, deviate from ATC instructions to the extent required to maintain safe operation of the aircraft." This highlights the pilot's ultimate responsibility and decision-making power.
Understanding the Relationship: Pilot and ATC
It's important to understand that the pilot and ATC work together to ensure safe and efficient air travel.
- ATC provides:
- Clearance for takeoff and landing.
- Routing instructions.
- Traffic advisories.
- The Pilot is responsible for:
- Adhering to regulations.
- The safety of the aircraft.
- Making final decisions, especially in emergencies.
- Communicating effectively with ATC.
Examples of Pilot Authority
Here are some examples illustrating pilot authority:
- Weather: If a pilot encounters unexpected severe weather not foreseen by ATC, they can request a change in course or altitude to avoid it, even if it deviates from the ATC's original instructions.
- Mechanical Issues: If a pilot experiences a mechanical malfunction, they have the authority to declare an emergency and request priority handling from ATC, potentially diverting to the nearest suitable airport.
- Medical Emergency: In the event of a medical emergency involving a passenger, the pilot has the authority to make decisions necessary for the person’s well-being, which might include deviating from the flight plan.
