The closed 4th position in ballet is a fundamental foot placement where one foot is positioned approximately 12 inches (30 cm) directly in front of the other, with the heel of the front foot precisely aligned with the toe of the back foot.
Understanding the 4th Position in Ballet
The 4th position is one of the foundational foot positions in classical ballet, characterized by the placement of one foot in front of the other. It is an essential building block for many complex movements, including pirouettes, grand pliés, and various jumps and turns. There are distinct variations of the 4th position, primarily categorized by the alignment of the feet.
Key Characteristics of Closed 4th Position
The defining feature of the closed 4th position lies in the specific alignment of the feet:
- Front Foot Placement: One foot is placed roughly 12 inches (30 cm) forward from the other, maintaining a consistent distance.
- Heel-to-Toe Alignment: The heel of the forward foot is directly in line with the toe of the back foot. This precise alignment is what distinguishes it as "closed."
- Turnout: As with all ballet positions, both feet are typically turned out from the hips, ensuring the entire leg is engaged.
This specific alignment is crucial for developing balance, strength, and proper technique. It provides a stable base while allowing for dynamic movement transitions.
Closed 4th Position vs. Open 4th Position
To better understand the closed 4th position, it's helpful to compare it with its counterpart, the open 4th position. Both involve one foot in front of the other, but their internal alignment differs significantly:
| Feature | Closed 4th Position | Open 4th Position |
|---|---|---|
| Foot Placement | One foot approx. 12 inches (30 cm) in front of the other. | One foot approx. 12 inches (30 cm) in front of the other. |
| Heel/Toe Alignment | Heel of the front foot aligns with the toe of the back foot. | Heels are aligned with each other. |
| Stability | Offers a stable, often more compact base for certain movements. | Provides a broader, more open stance. |
| Common Use | Preparatory position for turns (e.g., pirouettes), specific port de bras, and transitions. | Often used for grand pliés, specific jumps, and wider preparations. |
Importance in Ballet Training
Mastering the closed 4th position is vital for dancers of all levels. It teaches precise body control, strengthens the leg muscles, and helps establish the core stability necessary for executing more advanced ballet vocabulary. Practicing this position correctly helps dancers develop the muscle memory and coordination required for seamless transitions between steps and maintains the aesthetic lines characteristic of classical ballet.
For more information on ballet terminology and positions, you can explore resources like the American Ballet Theatre's glossary.
