The purple gemstone mentioned in the Bible is the amethyst. This striking violet quartz stone holds significant spiritual and symbolic importance throughout various biblical texts, appearing in contexts ranging from the High Priest's sacred garments to the very foundations of the New Jerusalem.
The Amethyst's Presence in Scripture
The amethyst is specifically identified in several key biblical passages, highlighting its value and symbolism.
1. The High Priest's Breastplate
In the Old Testament, the amethyst was one of the twelve precious stones adorning the breastplate (or "rational") worn by the High Priest of Israel. Each stone represented one of the twelve tribes of Israel.
- Placement: The amethyst was the third stone in the third row of this sacred garment.
- Representation: It symbolized the tribe of Issachar.
- Biblical References: This detail is found in Exodus 28:19 and Exodus 39:12, which describe the intricate design and specific stones for the priestly attire.
2. The Foundations of the New Jerusalem
In the New Testament, the book of Revelation describes the celestial city of the New Jerusalem, whose foundations are adorned with twelve different gemstones.
- Placement: The amethyst is designated as the twelfth and final stone in the foundation of this divine city.
- Biblical Reference: This vision is recounted in Revelation 21:20, emphasizing the stone's enduring significance in a heavenly context.
3. The Riches of Tyre
The prophet Ezekiel also mentions the amethyst among a list of valuable stones associated with the opulence of the King of Tyre. This inclusion further underscores its perceived worth and beauty in ancient times.
- Biblical Reference: The Septuagint translation of Ezekiel 28:13 enumerates it among the precious stones enriching the King of Tyre, highlighting its status as a highly prized gem.
Summary of Amethyst in the Bible
The amethyst's recurring appearances in significant biblical contexts underscore its importance, whether representing a tribe, forming a divine foundation, or signifying wealth.
| Biblical Context | Description | Associated Biblical References |
|---|---|---|
| High Priest's Breastplate | Third stone in the third row, representing Issachar | Exodus 28:19, Exodus 39:12 |
| New Jerusalem Foundation | Twelfth and final foundation stone | Revelation 21:20 |
| King of Tyre's Riches | Listed among valuable stones | Ezekiel 28:13 (Septuagint) |
The amethyst's rich purple hue has long been associated with royalty, spirituality, and sobriety, making it a fitting choice for its various mentions in sacred texts.
