The New Testament was primarily written in Koine Greek.
The Original Language of the New Testament
The books that comprise the Christian New Testament are widely agreed to have been originally composed in Koine Greek. This specific form of Greek, also known as common Greek, served as the standard dialect spoken and written throughout the Hellenistic and Roman worlds following the conquests of Alexander the Great. It became the lingua franca for various cultures and peoples, making it an ideal medium for the widespread dissemination of early Christian teachings.
Understanding Koine Greek
Koine Greek was distinct from the classical Greek of earlier periods (such as that found in the works of Plato or Sophocles). It represented a more simplified and accessible form of the language, suitable for everyday communication, trade, and official documents across a vast empire. Its widespread adoption facilitated the reach of the New Testament's message to a diverse audience.
| Aspect of Koine Greek | Description |
|---|---|
| Type | Common dialect of Ancient Greek, distinct from classical forms |
| Usage | The dominant lingua franca of the Hellenistic and Roman empires |
| Significance | Enabled broad understanding and dissemination of early Christian texts across cultures |
Linguistic Influences and Context
While Koine Greek was the primary language of composition, some authors often incorporated translations or direct references from Hebrew and Aramaic texts within their Greek writings. This is particularly evident in quotations from the Old Testament, which was originally written predominantly in Hebrew with certain sections in Aramaic. The New Testament writers, being deeply rooted in Jewish tradition and familiar with these older Semitic languages, naturally integrated elements from them, enriching the text with historical, cultural, and theological depth.
[[Biblical Languages]]
