Your big toe likely hurts when you squat due to a condition called hallux rigidus, which is a form of arthritis affecting the joint at the base of your big toe.
Hallux Rigidus Explained
Hallux rigidus causes stiffness and pain in the big toe joint, particularly during activities that require you to bend or put pressure on the toe, like squatting. Here's a breakdown:
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Arthritis: Hallux rigidus is a degenerative joint condition, meaning the cartilage in the big toe joint gradually wears away.
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Stiffness: As the cartilage deteriorates, the joint becomes stiff, making it difficult and painful to move your big toe through its full range of motion.
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Squatting: When you squat, you put a significant amount of pressure on the big toe joint. The decreased cartilage and increased stiffness caused by hallux rigidus make this movement painful.
Bone Spurs
The condition often progresses with the development of bone spurs (osteophytes) around the joint. These bone spurs further restrict movement and contribute to the pain.
Other Possible Causes (Less Likely)
While hallux rigidus is the most probable cause based on the provided information, other possibilities to consider include:
- Turf Toe: A sprain of the ligaments around the big toe joint, typically from hyperextension. This is less likely if the pain is chronic and related to squatting specifically.
- Gout: A form of inflammatory arthritis caused by a buildup of uric acid crystals in the joint.
- Other forms of arthritis: Rheumatoid arthritis or other systemic arthritic conditions can affect the big toe.
What to Do
If you are experiencing persistent pain in your big toe when squatting, it is important to:
- See a doctor or podiatrist: A medical professional can properly diagnose the cause of your pain and recommend appropriate treatment.
- Consider modifications to your squatting technique: Altering your stance or using supportive footwear may help reduce pressure on the big toe.
- Explore treatment options: Depending on the diagnosis, treatment options may include pain relievers, orthotics, physical therapy, or, in severe cases, surgery.
