Properly marking Category B packages is crucial for the safe and compliant transportation of diagnostic or clinical specimens. All Category B packages must clearly display specific information and markings on their exterior to ensure they are handled correctly throughout transit.
Understanding Category B Packages
Category B infectious substances are biological materials that are infectious but do not meet the stricter criteria for Category A. These substances are assigned the proper shipping name "Biological Substance, Category B" and the identification number UN 3373. While less hazardous than Category A, they still require specific packaging and labeling to mitigate risks during transport.
Essential Markings for Category B Packages
For safe and compliant transport, every Category B package must bear the following information and markings clearly and durably on its outer surface:
1. Proper Shipping Name and UN Identification Number
The package must be marked with the full proper shipping name: "Biological Substance, Category B". Directly below or adjacent to this, the UN identification number UN 3373 must be displayed. This immediately identifies the nature of the contents to handlers.
2. UN 3373 Diamond Mark
A specific square-on-point (diamond) mark, commonly referred to as the "UN 3373 diamond," is mandatory. This mark must have sides of at least 50 mm (2 inches) and be clearly visible. It typically features the UN 3373 number centered within the diamond.
3. Shipper and Consignee Details
The full name and address of both the shipper (sender) and the consignee (recipient) must be clearly and durably marked on the package. This ensures proper delivery and traceability.
4. Emergency Contact Information
A 24-hour emergency response telephone number of a person knowledgeable about the contents must be provided on the package. This is critical for immediate action in case of an incident during transport.
5. Orientation Arrows (for liquids)
If the package contains liquid infectious substances, two orientation arrows, pointing upwards, must be affixed to two opposite sides of the package. These arrows help ensure the package remains upright during handling, preventing leaks or spills.
6. Legibility and Durability
All markings must be:
- Clearly visible and legible: Easily readable from a reasonable distance.
- Durable: Able to withstand the rigors of transit without fading, smearing, or becoming detached.
Summary of Required External Markings
To consolidate, here's a table outlining the essential information required on the exterior of all Category B packages:
| Information/Marking | Description |
|---|---|
| Proper Shipping Name | "Biological Substance, Category B" |
| UN Identification Number | UN 3373 |
| UN 3373 Diamond Mark | A square-on-point mark (min. 50 mm sides) with "UN 3373" clearly printed within. |
| Shipper's Details | Full name and address of the sender. |
| Consignee's Details | Full name and address of the recipient. |
| Emergency Contact Information | A 24-hour emergency telephone number of a person knowledgeable about the contents. |
| Orientation Arrows | Two arrows (pointing up) on opposite sides, required if the package contains liquids. |
| Durability and Legibility | All markings must be clear, legible, and able to withstand the transportation process. |
Why These Markings Are Crucial
These specific markings serve several vital purposes:
- Identification: They immediately tell handlers that the package contains a biological substance classified as Category B, requiring specific handling procedures.
- Safety: They alert personnel to potential hazards and guide them on how to respond in case of an incident.
- Compliance: Adhering to these marking requirements ensures compliance with national and international dangerous goods regulations, preventing delays, fines, or package refusal.
- Traceability: Shipper and consignee details, along with emergency contacts, facilitate communication and accountability throughout the shipping process.
Compliance and Best Practices
To ensure full compliance, shippers of Category B substances should always refer to the latest editions of relevant dangerous goods regulations, such as those published by the International Air Transport Association (IATA), the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT), or other national and international bodies. Proper training for personnel involved in preparing and shipping these packages is also essential. For more detailed guidance, you can refer to resources from regulatory bodies like the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA).
