The protein in nails is keratin.
Keratin is a fibrous structural protein that is also the key structural component of hair and the outer layer of skin. It is a tough, insoluble protein and forms a protective barrier. Think of it as the bricks and mortar of your nails (and hair and skin's outer layer).
Essentially, keratin provides strength and resilience to nails, allowing them to withstand daily wear and tear. Different types of keratin exist, contributing to varying degrees of hardness and flexibility. The keratin found in nails is a hard keratin, compared to the soft keratin found in skin.
Therefore, if you want strong, healthy nails, a diet rich in nutrients that support keratin production is crucial.