RBC in urine, also known as hematuria, means that there are red blood cells (RBCs) present in the urine. While sometimes the urine may appear pink, red, or tea-colored, often it looks normal to the naked eye and can only be detected under a microscope. This presence of red blood cells in urine is usually an indication of an underlying health issue, such as an infection, irritation of the urinary tract, or a more serious condition like kidney disease.
A normal urine sample typically has 4 red blood cells per high power field (RBC/HPF) or less when examined under a microscope. However, an elevated number of RBCs can be a sign of inflammation or infection in the urinary tract, kidneys, or bladder.
Potential causes of RBC in urine:
- Urinary tract infections (UTIs): Infections can irritate the bladder and cause bleeding.
- Kidney stones: Stones passing through the urinary tract can cause irritation and bleeding.
- Kidney disease: Kidney disease can damage the filtering system of the kidneys, allowing blood to leak into the urine.
- Cancer: Cancers of the bladder, kidney, or prostate can cause blood in the urine.
- Trauma: Injuries to the urinary tract can cause bleeding.
- Vigorous exercise: Strenuous physical activity can cause microscopic hematuria, especially in athletes.
It's important to note:
- While finding RBCs in urine can be alarming, it's not always a cause for concern.
- If you notice blood in your urine, it's essential to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.