An RDW (red blood cell distribution width) blood test measures how varied your red blood cells are in size and volume. This test provides valuable insights into your red blood cell health. Red blood cells are crucial because they carry oxygen from your lungs to your organs and tissues, fueling your body's cells for energy production.
Understanding RDW
The RDW is a calculation that is part of a complete blood count (CBC). A higher RDW means there's a greater variation in the size of your red blood cells.
Why is RDW Measured?
The RDW test helps doctors diagnose various medical conditions, particularly different types of anemia. Anemia is a condition where you don't have enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to your body's tissues.
Interpreting RDW Results
| Result | Interpretation | Possible Causes |
|---|---|---|
| High RDW | Greater variation in red blood cell size | Iron deficiency anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency, folate deficiency, hemoglobinopathies (like sickle cell anemia), liver disease. |
| Normal RDW | Red blood cells are relatively uniform in size | Anemia may still be present due to other causes. |
It's crucial to note that RDW is usually interpreted alongside other blood test results, especially hemoglobin and MCV (mean corpuscular volume).
Examples of RDW in Diagnosis
- Iron Deficiency Anemia: A high RDW combined with low hemoglobin often points to iron deficiency.
- Vitamin B12 or Folate Deficiency: A high RDW might indicate these deficiencies, which affect red blood cell maturation.
Important Considerations
- RDW results should always be discussed with your doctor for proper interpretation.
- Other tests might be needed to confirm a diagnosis suggested by an abnormal RDW.
