Bracts are modified leaves associated with flowers or inflorescences (flower clusters). They differ from typical leaves in form, size, color, or texture, often serving to attract pollinators or provide protection.
Understanding Bracts: A Deeper Dive
Bracts are essentially specialized leaves that grow near flowers. They aren't the flower petals themselves, but rather structures closely associated with them. Think of them as the supporting cast for the floral main act.
Here's a breakdown of key aspects:
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Function: Bracts can perform several roles, including:
- Attracting Pollinators: Brightly colored bracts, like those of Poinsettia (where the "petals" are actually bracts), lure pollinators.
- Protection: They can shield developing flower buds from harsh environmental conditions.
- Structural Support: Some bracts provide structural support to the flower or inflorescence.
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Appearance: Bracts vary greatly in appearance depending on the plant species. They can be:
- Small and inconspicuous: Often overlooked, blending in with other foliage.
- Large and showy: Sometimes more visually striking than the actual flower itself (e.g., Poinsettia).
- Different colors and textures: Showcasing a wide range of colors and textures from green to vibrant reds, yellows, or other hues.
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Examples:
- Poinsettia ( Euphorbia pulcherrima): The vibrant red, white, or pink parts are actually bracts, not petals. The tiny flowers are clustered in the center.
- Dogwood ( Cornus spp.): The large, showy "petals" of dogwoods are also bracts, surrounding small, inconspicuous flowers.
- Pineapple (Ananas comosus): The fleshy, edible part of the pineapple is a fruit composed of numerous small fruits, each subtended by a bract.
Reference Integration: The provided references clearly define a bract as: "a leaf from the axil of which a flower or floral axis arises" and "a leaf borne on a floral axis. especially : one subtending a flower or flower cluster." These definitions highlight the bract's association with the flower's position and structure on the plant stem.
