A fibroadenoma is a painless, non-cancerous (benign) solid breast tumor that is not fluid-filled. It's most common in women between the ages of 14 and 35, but it can occur at any age. After menopause, fibroadenomas often shrink, making them less common in post-menopausal women.
Key Characteristics of Fibroadenomas:
- Benign: This is the most important characteristic. Fibroadenomas are not cancerous and do not increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
- Solid: Unlike cysts, which are fluid-filled, fibroadenomas are solid lumps composed of glandular and stromal (connective) tissue.
- Painless: Typically, fibroadenomas don't cause pain, although some women may experience tenderness or discomfort.
- Mobile: They often feel like a marble under the skin that moves easily when touched, described as "rubbery" or "smooth."
- Unilateral: They usually occur in only one breast.
Who is at Risk?
Fibroadenomas are most common in women in their teens, twenties, and thirties. While they can occur at any age, they are less common after menopause due to hormonal changes.
What To Do If You Find a Lump
If you find a lump in your breast, it's essential to see a doctor. While fibroadenomas are benign, it's crucial to rule out other, more serious conditions. A doctor can perform a physical exam and may recommend imaging tests, such as a mammogram or ultrasound, and/or a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment
Treatment for fibroadenomas may not always be necessary. If the lump is small, not growing, and confirmed to be a fibroadenoma, your doctor may recommend "watchful waiting," which involves regular check-ups to monitor the lump. If the fibroadenoma is large, growing, or causing discomfort, treatment options may include:
- Surgical removal (lumpectomy): The fibroadenoma is surgically removed.
- Cryoablation: A probe is inserted into the fibroadenoma to freeze and destroy the tissue.
- Core needle biopsy: This procedure can sometimes be used to remove the entire fibroadenoma, although it is primarily used for diagnosis.
