Treating a burn effectively involves several crucial steps. The severity of the burn will determine the necessity of seeking immediate medical attention. For minor burns, the following steps are recommended:
1. Cool the Burn
Immediately cool the burn under cool (not cold or icy) running water for 20 minutes. This helps to reduce pain and inflammation. Avoid using ice, ice water, or any greasy substances like butter or oil.
2. Remove Loose Clothing and Jewelry
Carefully remove any clothing or jewelry from the burned area, unless it is stuck to the skin. Removing items stuck to the skin can cause further damage and should be left for medical professionals.
3. Cover the Burn
Loosely cover the burn with a clean, non-stick dressing such as cling film. This protects the burn from infection and further injury. Do not use fluffy materials like cotton wool.
4. Pain Relief
Administer appropriate over-the-counter pain relief medication such as paracetamol or ibuprofen, following the dosage instructions carefully.
5. Seek Medical Attention
For serious burns, such as those affecting a large area, involving the face, hands, feet, or genitals, showing signs of infection (increased pain, pus, red streaks), or involving deeper tissues (charring or blisters), seek immediate medical attention. Signs of shock (cold, clammy skin, sweating, rapid, shallow breathing) also warrant urgent medical help.
Important Considerations:
- Do not: apply ice, butter, cream, or any other home remedies to the burn. These can worsen the injury.
- Do not: break any blisters.
- Do: keep the burn clean and monitor for signs of infection.
This information is for minor burns and first aid purposes only. For serious burns or any concerns, always seek medical advice from a healthcare professional. The information provided here is summarized from multiple sources including the NHS, Mayo Clinic, and other reputable organizations and should not be considered a replacement for professional medical advice.
