A CT scan of the heart is an imaging technique that uses X-rays to create detailed, cross-sectional pictures of the heart and its surrounding blood vessels.
Purpose of a Cardiac CT Scan
A cardiac CT scan is primarily used to:
- Assess coronary arteries: The scan can detect the presence and extent of calcium buildup (plaque) in the coronary arteries, which can help determine the risk of heart disease. This specific type of CT scan is often referred to as a coronary calcium scan.
- Evaluate heart structure: It provides detailed images of the heart's chambers, valves, and major blood vessels, helping to identify any structural abnormalities.
- Diagnose heart conditions: CT scans can help diagnose conditions such as coronary artery disease, congenital heart defects, and problems with the aorta (the main artery carrying blood from the heart).
- Plan and guide procedures: The detailed images can assist in planning and guiding procedures like stent placement or heart surgery.
How a Cardiac CT Scan Works
During a CT scan, you lie inside a donut-shaped machine that rotates around you. The machine emits X-rays, which pass through your body and are detected by sensors. A computer then uses this information to create detailed images of your heart.
Sometimes, a contrast dye is injected into a vein to enhance the images and make the blood vessels easier to see.
Types of Cardiac CT Scans
There are different types of cardiac CT scans, including:
- Coronary Calcium Scan: This scan measures the amount of calcium buildup in the coronary arteries. A high calcium score indicates a higher risk of heart disease.
- CT Angiography (CTA): This scan uses contrast dye to visualize the coronary arteries and identify any blockages or narrowing.
Benefits of a Cardiac CT Scan
- Non-invasive: A CT scan is a non-invasive procedure, meaning it doesn't require any incisions or surgery.
- Detailed images: It provides highly detailed images of the heart and blood vessels, allowing for accurate diagnosis.
- Fast and painless: The scan is relatively quick and painless.
Risks of a Cardiac CT Scan
- Radiation exposure: CT scans use X-rays, which expose you to a small amount of radiation. However, the benefits of the scan usually outweigh the risks.
- Contrast dye reaction: Some people may have an allergic reaction to the contrast dye used in some CT scans.
