Damaged cartilage is typically removed through surgical procedures. One common method is part of a procedure called Osteoarticular transfer system (OATS).
OATS Procedure Explained
The OATS procedure, often performed arthroscopically (keyhole surgery), addresses cartilage damage by physically removing the affected tissue and replacing it with healthy cartilage.
Steps in OATS
- Keyhole Surgery: The procedure usually begins with keyhole surgery, using small incisions to insert a camera and surgical instruments.
- Possible Open Incision: In some cases, a small open incision may be necessary to provide better access to the damaged area.
- Removal of Damaged Cartilage: The surgeon carefully removes the damaged cartilage from the joint.
- Autograft Transplantation: Healthy cartilage is harvested from another, less critical area of the patient's joint and transplanted into the area where the damaged cartilage was removed. This is called an autograft.
- Potential Combined Procedures: OATS can be performed along with other procedures like ACL surgery, if necessary.
Table Summary of Cartilage Removal
| Procedure | Method | Cartilage Source | Incision Size |
|---|---|---|---|
| OATS | Arthroscopic/open surgical | Autograft | Keyhole/small open |
Why is OATS Performed?
OATS is typically performed when:
- Cartilage damage is localized and not widespread.
- Other non-surgical treatments have failed to alleviate the pain or improve function.
- There is a viable donor site for healthy cartilage within the patient's own joint.
Post-Operative Care
After cartilage removal and replacement via OATS, rehabilitation is crucial for a successful recovery. This may include:
- Physical therapy to regain strength and mobility.
- Pain management to control post-operative discomfort.
- Adhering to activity restrictions to allow the transplanted cartilage to heal properly.
