Yes, catnip is indeed real.
Catnip, scientifically known as Nepeta cataria, is a perennial herb belonging to the mint family (Lamiaceae). It's also commonly referred to as catmint, catwort, or field balm. This plant is native to Europe and Asia but has naturalized in many other regions, including North America.
What Makes Catnip Special to Cats?
The compound responsible for catnip's effect on cats is called nepetalactone. It is found in the plant's leaves and stems. When cats smell nepetalactone, it binds to receptors in their nasal cavity, stimulating sensory neurons that lead to changes in brain activity.
How Does Catnip Affect Cats?
The effects of catnip can vary from cat to cat, but common reactions include:
- Euphoria: Many cats become playful, energetic, and even a bit silly.
- Relaxation: Some cats become more relaxed, mellow, and even sleepy.
- Rolling and Rubbing: Cats may roll around in the catnip or rub their face and body against it.
- Vocalization: Some cats may purr, meow, or growl.
- Hunting Behavior: In some cases, catnip can trigger hunting instincts, leading to pouncing and chasing imaginary prey.
Interestingly, not all cats are affected by catnip. The sensitivity to nepetalactone is believed to be hereditary, and it typically doesn't develop until a cat is several months old. It is estimated that about 70-80% of cats are susceptible to the effects of catnip. Furthermore, the effects usually only last for about 5-10 minutes, after which cats become temporarily immune.
Catnip Beyond Domestic Cats
The appeal of catnip isn't limited to domestic cats. Larger felines, such as lions, tigers, and leopards, can also be affected by the herb, although the effects might vary.
In Summary
Catnip is a real plant that contains nepetalactone, a compound that elicits a behavioral response in many cats, ranging from playful energy to mellow relaxation.