All living cells use RNA.
RNA, or ribonucleic acid, is a fundamental molecule present in every living cell. It plays crucial roles in various cellular processes, most notably protein synthesis. The information encoded in DNA is transcribed into RNA, which then directs the synthesis of proteins via translation. This process is essential for all cellular functions.
Beyond protein synthesis, RNA also participates in other cellular activities. For example:
- Gene regulation: Different types of RNA, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) like MALAT1, influence gene expression and cellular behavior. [Source: Long Noncoding RNA MALAT1 Regulates Endothelial Cell Function ...] These regulatory functions are increasingly being explored. [Source: The expanding regulatory mechanisms and cellular functions of ...]
- Cellular communication: RNA molecules can act as signaling molecules, allowing cells to communicate with each other. [Source: Scientists explore new roles for RNA | National Institutes of Health ...]
- Structural components: RNA can fold into complex three-dimensional structures, contributing to the structural integrity of ribonucleoprotein complexes. [Source: The roles of structural dynamics in the cellular functions of RNAs ...]
The study of RNA is critical in understanding cellular function. Techniques like single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) allow researchers to map gene expression in individual cells, providing valuable insights into cellular heterogeneity and function. [Source: A practical guide to single-cell RNA-sequencing for biomedical ...] Furthermore, new tools are continually being developed to better understand the diverse roles of RNA in cells and tissues. [Source: New tool uses RNA sequencing to chart rich maps of cellular and ...]
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a crucial component found in all living cells, vital for various cellular processes including protein synthesis, gene regulation, cellular communication, and structural support. Its study continues to reveal new insights into biological functions. [Source: [Ribonucleic acid (abbreviated RNA) is a nucleic acid present in all living cells that has structural similarities to DNA. Unlike DNA, however, RNA is most often single-stranded.]]
