Growth in biology refers to the increases in cell size and number that occur during an organism's life history.
In more detail, biological growth encompasses the various processes by which a living organism gets bigger. This can happen through:
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Cellular Growth: Individual cells increasing in size. This involves the synthesis of new cellular components like proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
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Cellular Division (Proliferation): The increase in the number of cells. This process typically involves cell division, such as mitosis in eukaryotic cells, allowing for the formation of new cells.
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Accretion: The accumulation of extracellular material. For example, bone growth involves the deposition of calcium phosphate.
Different organisms exhibit different patterns of growth. For example:
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Determinate growth: Growth ceases when the organism reaches a certain size. This is common in animals.
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Indeterminate growth: Growth continues throughout the organism's life. This is common in plants.
Growth is a fundamental characteristic of life and is essential for development, maintenance, and reproduction. The rate and pattern of growth are influenced by both genetic factors and environmental conditions, such as nutrient availability and temperature. Improper growth can lead to various health problems in organisms.
