CD15 is a carbohydrate-based molecule expressed on the surface of certain cells, notably in the immune system.
Detailed Explanation of CD15
CD15 serves as a marker that helps identify specific cell types. Here's a more detailed breakdown:
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Cellular Expression: CD15 is found on:
- Granulocytes: Specifically, the granulocytic series after the myeloblast stage. This means it is present on neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils as they mature.
- Monocytes and Macrophages: A significant proportion of monocytes and a minority of macrophages/histiocytes express CD15.
- Epithelial Cells: A wide variety of epithelial cells, including their malignant counterparts, can also express CD15. This means it can be found in certain types of cancerous tissues arising from epithelial cells.
Significance of CD15
Understanding CD15 expression is crucial in several contexts:
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Immunohistochemistry: CD15 is used as a marker in immunohistochemistry to identify specific cell types in tissue samples, aiding in the diagnosis of various conditions including lymphomas and other cancers.
- Example: In diagnosing Hodgkin lymphoma, the presence of CD15 on Reed-Sternberg cells is a key diagnostic criterion.
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Leukemia Classification: It helps in classifying leukemias based on the types of cells that are affected and their stage of development.
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Research: CD15 plays a role in cell adhesion and migration and is often studied in the context of inflammation and immune responses.
Summary
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Molecule Type | Carbohydrate-based molecule |
| Expression | Granulocytes (past myeloblast stage), monocytes, macrophages, epithelial cells |
| Significance | Diagnostic marker in immunohistochemistry, leukemia classification, research |
