Cell swelling has several names depending on the context and cause. It's a common early sign of cell injury.
Key Terms for Cell Swelling
-
Hydropic degeneration: This is a common term for cell swelling caused by an influx of water, often seen in liver and kidney cells. This is the earliest and most universal indicator of potentially reversible cellular injury. [Reference: study.com]
-
Cellular edema: Another name for the premorbid cellular process of cell swelling, also known as oncotic cell swelling or oncosis. [Reference: PMC]
-
Cytotoxic edema: This type of cell swelling is specifically caused by traumatic brain injury or stroke, impacting brain cells. [Reference: Cleveland Clinic]
-
Oncosis: This term describes a type of cell death where swelling is a prominent feature. [Reference: ScienceDirect]
Examples of Cell Swelling in Different Contexts
- Brain swelling (Cerebral edema): Brain cells are particularly sensitive to swelling, leading to symptoms related to increased intracranial pressure. [Reference: MedlinePlus]
- Hand-Foot Syndrome (dactylitis): In Sickle Cell Disease, sickled cells can block blood flow, causing swelling in the hands and feet. [Reference: CDC]
Understanding the Mechanisms
Cell swelling happens when water moves into the cell, typically due to disruptions in the cell membrane's ability to regulate water flow. This can be triggered by various factors, including injury, ischemia (lack of blood flow), or imbalances in electrolytes.
