Yes, gum is inherently chewy.
Gum is specifically manufactured with properties that make it chewy, stretchy, and sticky. This fundamental characteristic is central to its purpose as a product meant for mastication (chewing).
The Composition Behind Gum's Chewiness
The unique texture of chewing gum, including its signature chewiness, comes directly from its ingredients. Historically, the base for gum was quite different from what is used today.
- Historical Gum Base: At one time, gum was made with natural resin formed from tree sap, specifically sapodilla tree sap. This natural base provided the initial chewy texture.
- Modern Gum Base: But now virtually all flavoured modern gums are made with the plastic gum base, sweeteners, flavourings and a few other things. This synthetic gum base is a non-nutritive, non-digestible polymer that provides the elasticity and chewiness associated with contemporary chewing gum.
Why Chewiness is Key
The chewiness of gum is not just a side effect; it is the primary functional property that allows it to be chewed for extended periods without dissolving. This prolonged chew allows for the gradual release of flavours and sweeteners.
Understanding the Gum Base
The modern plastic gum base is designed to be:
- Elastic: Able to stretch and return to its original shape.
- Plastic: Moldable and able to conform to the mouth.
- Insoluble: Does not dissolve in saliva, allowing for continuous chewing.
These properties, primarily provided by the gum base as stated in the reference (it's made to be chewy, stretchy and sticky), are what make gum the distinctively chewy product we know.
Chewing gum's intentional design for chewiness is why it provides a unique oral experience, distinct from candies that quickly dissolve.
