How to get kids to sit still in class?

Helping kids sit still in class involves a multi-faceted approach that considers their developmental stage, provides ample opportunities for movement and sensory input, and implements effective classroom strategies alongside supportive home routines.

Understanding Developmental Expectations

It's crucial for educators and parents to understand the typical duration a child should be able to focus on a seated task. Attention spans vary significantly by age. For instance, a preschooler might only manage 5-10 minutes of focused seated work, while a first grader might handle 10-15 minutes. Expecting a young child to sit perfectly still for extended periods without movement or engagement can lead to fidgeting, distraction, and frustration. Setting realistic goals based on their developmental stage is the first step towards success.

Incorporating Movement and Sensory Breaks

Children naturally need to move, and suppressing this innate urge can hinder their ability to focus. Integrating movement and sensory activities throughout the day is key.

The Power of Movement Breaks

Provide plenty of sensory/movement breaks throughout the day. These don't just happen during recess; short, structured breaks can be integrated seamlessly into the classroom routine.

• Brain Breaks: Quick, energizing activities (e.g., stretching, jumping jacks, a short dance) can re-engage students. Resources like GoNoodle offer many free brain break videos.
• Active Transitions: Have students walk to sharpen pencils, deliver messages, or collect materials.
• Stand-Up Activities: Incorporate tasks where students can stand while working, like solving problems at a whiteboard.

Benefits of Proprioceptive Input (Heavy Work)

Provide proprioceptive input/heavy work through the school day. Proprioceptive input refers to sensory information from muscles and joints that tells the brain where the body is in space. Activities that involve "heavy work" (pushing, pulling, lifting, carrying) can be incredibly calming and organizing for the nervous system, helping children feel more grounded and attentive.

• What is Heavy Work? Activities that involve resistance to muscles and joints.
• Classroom Examples:
  • Helping to carry or stack books.
  • Pushing in chairs firmly after a break.
  • Erasing the whiteboard with effort.
  • Helping move classroom furniture (under supervision).
  • Using a weighted lap pad or vest (consult with an occupational therapist first).
• For more information on the benefits of heavy work, consider resources from pediatric occupational therapy sites, such as The Sensory Project.

Classroom Strategies for Focus

Beyond movement, the classroom environment and instructional methods play a significant role in helping kids sit still and focus.

Creating a Conducive Learning Environment

• Structured Routines: Predictable schedules and routines reduce anxiety and help children know what to expect.
• Seating Arrangements: Consider where a child sits. Proximity to the teacher or away from high-traffic areas might reduce distractions. Alternative seating options like wobble cushions, therapy balls, or standing desks can provide subtle movement opportunities that aid focus.
• Clear Expectations: Clearly communicate rules for sitting, listening, and participation at the start of each activity.

Engaging Instruction

• Varying Activities: Mix seated desk work with group activities, hands-on experiments, and movement-based learning.
• Interactive Lessons: Incorporate questions, discussions, and visual aids. Keep lessons dynamic rather than purely lecture-based.
• Gamification: Turn tasks into fun challenges or games to boost engagement.

Tools and Techniques

• Fidget Tools: For some children, a small, quiet fidget toy (e.g., a stress ball, tangle toy, or fidget cube) can provide the necessary sensory input to help them concentrate without disturbing others.
• Visual Timers: Using sand timers or digital visual timers helps children understand how long they need to stay on task, making the expectation more concrete.
• Positive Reinforcement: Implement behavior charts, sticker systems, or verbal praise to reward moments of focused sitting and on-task behavior. Focus on what the child is doing well.

Supporting Regulation at Home

The efforts to help a child regulate their body and attention shouldn't stop at the school bell. Continue regulating your child's body with activities at home.

• Active Play: Ensure children have plenty of time for unstructured active play, such as running, jumping, climbing, and outdoor exploration.
• Chores Involving Heavy Work: Encourage participation in household chores like carrying groceries, vacuuming, raking leaves, or gardening.
• Structured Physical Activity: Enroll them in sports, dance, martial arts, or yoga classes. These activities provide excellent proprioceptive and vestibular input.
• Consistent Sleep Schedule: Adequate and consistent sleep is fundamental for attention, emotional regulation, and overall behavior.
• Limit Screen Time: Excessive screen time can impact attention spans and physical activity levels.

Quick Reference: Strategies for Settling