While achieving absolute zero emissions is virtually impossible for any modern country, several nations have successfully reached net-zero or even net-negative carbon emissions. This means they either absorb as much carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as they release, or they absorb more than they release.
Currently, a select group of countries are recognized for their net-zero or net-negative carbon footprints. These nations often achieve this through a combination of factors, including extensive forest cover acting as carbon sinks, significant reliance on renewable energy, and lower industrialization levels.
Countries with Net-Zero or Net-Negative Emissions
A number of countries are recognized for achieving net-zero or net-negative carbon emissions. These include:
| Country | Carbon Emission Status |
|---|---|
| Bhutan | Net-Zero/Net-Negative |
| Comoros | Net-Zero/Net-Negative |
| Gabon | Net-Zero/Net-Negative |
| Guyana | Net-Zero/Net-Negative |
| Madagascar | Net-Zero/Net-Negative |
| Panama | Net-Zero/Net-Negative |
| Suriname | Net-Zero/Net-Negative |
This commitment to climate action is part of a growing global movement. Country-level net zero targets now encompass a substantial portion of the world's economic activity and population, covering approximately 92% of global GDP, 88% of emissions, and 89% of the world population. This widespread adoption of net-zero goals reflects an international effort to mitigate climate change and transition towards a sustainable future.
Understanding Net-Zero Emissions
Net-zero emissions refers to the state where the amount of greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere is balanced by the amount removed. This can be achieved through a combination of strategic approaches:
- Reducing Emissions:
- Transitioning from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydro power.
- Improving energy efficiency in buildings, transportation, and industrial processes.
- Implementing sustainable agricultural practices to reduce methane and nitrous oxide emissions.
- Enhancing Carbon Sinks:
- Protecting, restoring, and expanding natural ecosystems such as forests, wetlands, and oceans, which naturally absorb carbon dioxide.
- Implementing land use practices that enhance soil carbon sequestration.
- Carbon Capture Technologies:
- Developing and deploying technologies that capture CO2 directly from industrial emissions or the ambient air, and then store or utilize it.
The ambition to reach net-zero emissions is a critical step in limiting global warming to well below 2°C, preferably to 1.5°C, above pre-industrial levels, thereby achieving the long-term goals of the Paris Agreement.
