The hottest city in China, based on the highest recorded temperature, is Turpan, located in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. Specifically, Sanbao Township within Turpan set a national record, reaching an astonishing 52.2 °C (126.0 °F) on July 16, 2023.
Understanding Turpan's Extreme Heat
Turpan's reputation as China's "furnace" is primarily due to its unique geographical and climatic conditions. It lies within the Turpan Depression, one of the lowest and hottest areas on Earth. This basin-like topography traps heat effectively, leading to scorching summers.
Key Factors Contributing to Turpan's Scorching Temperatures
- Geographical Location: The city is situated in the Turpan Depression, with parts of the basin lying more than 150 meters (492 feet) below sea level. This low elevation means the air is denser and can hold more heat.
- Arid Climate: Turpan experiences an extremely arid climate, receiving very little rainfall. Dry air heats up much faster than humid air, contributing to the rapid temperature increases.
- Basin Topography: The surrounding mountains act like a giant oven, trapping heat within the depression and preventing cooler air from circulating. This effect intensifies the summer heat, leading to prolonged periods of temperatures exceeding 40°C (104°F).
- Intense Solar Radiation: The region receives abundant sunshine, further contributing to the rapid heating of the land surface.
The record-breaking temperature in Sanbao Township underscores Turpan's status as a hotspot for extreme heat in China.
Record-Breaking Temperature Overview
To highlight the record, here's a quick overview:
| Location | Temperature | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Sanbao Township, Turpan, Xinjiang | 52.2 °C (126.0 °F) | July 16, 2023 |
Beyond the Record: Other Hot Cities in China
While Turpan holds the record for the highest recorded temperature, several other Chinese cities are historically known for their oppressive summer heat and humidity, often referred to as "furnace cities." These typically include:
- Chongqing: Known for its humid and stifling summers, often feeling hotter due to the high humidity.
- Wuhan: Another major city famous for its sweltering and extended summer heat.
- Nanjing: Experiences intense heat and high humidity, contributing to uncomfortable summer conditions.
- Changsha: Similar to the others, it endures long, hot, and humid summers.
However, when it comes to the exact highest recorded temperature, Turpan, through Sanbao Township, stands alone in China.
