In a colonoscopy, 'sessile' refers to a type of polyp that is characterized by its flat or dome-shaped appearance, extending directly from the inner lining (mucosal layer) of the colon rather than growing on a stalk.
Understanding Sessile Polyps
When a doctor performs a colonoscopy, they are looking for abnormalities, particularly growths called polyps. Polyps can be broadly categorized by their shape, and 'sessile' describes one of the primary forms.
- Definition: A sessile polyp is essentially a bump or a mass that sits directly on the surface of the colon wall without a narrow base or stem. Imagine a small mushroom without a stem, attached directly to the ground.
- Appearance: They are typically flat, slightly raised, or dome-shaped, blending more into the surrounding tissue compared to their stalked counterparts.
Characteristics and Significance
The classification of a polyp as sessile is important because it can influence how it is managed and its potential health implications.
- Origin: Sessile polyps emerge directly from the mucosal layer, which is the innermost lining of the colon.
- Types of Sessile Polyps:
- Neoplastic Polyps: These are polyps that have the potential to become cancerous over time. They are of particular concern in a colonoscopy.
- Non-Neoplastic Polyps: These are generally benign (non-cancerous) and pose less risk, though they are still monitored.
- Risk of Cancer: Neoplastic sessile polyps, like adenomas, are considered precancerous. Because they lack a stalk, cancerous changes can potentially spread more directly into the colon wall. This is why their detection and removal during a colonoscopy are crucial for preventing colorectal cancer.
Why Detection and Removal Are Key
During a colonoscopy, identifying a sessile polyp allows a gastroenterologist to take appropriate action.
- Diagnosis: If a sessile polyp is found, a biopsy or removal will likely be performed to determine if it is neoplastic (precancerous) or non-neoplastic.
- Treatment: Many sessile polyps, especially neoplastic ones, are removed during the colonoscopy procedure itself, a process called polypectomy. This proactive removal significantly reduces the risk of developing colorectal cancer. Techniques for removal vary based on the polyp's size and characteristics.
Understanding what 'sessile' means in the context of a colonoscopy helps patients appreciate the importance of regular screenings and the significance of findings made during the procedure. Early detection and removal of these polyps can be life-saving.
For more information on colon polyps and colonoscopies, you can consult reliable sources like the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.
