Yes, salt water will corrode copper pipe. Copper is relatively susceptible to corrosion when exposed to salt water.
How Salt Water Corrodes Copper
- Electrochemical Reaction: Salt water is a strong electrolyte, meaning it facilitates the flow of electrons. This promotes an electrochemical reaction where copper atoms lose electrons and become ions, leading to corrosion.
- Chloride Ions: Chloride ions, present in salt water, are particularly aggressive towards copper. They disrupt the protective oxide layer that naturally forms on copper, accelerating the corrosion process.
- Bluish-Green Patina: As copper corrodes, it forms a bluish-green patina, a copper carbonate compound. While this patina can provide some protection, it's not impervious, and corrosion will continue beneath it in salt water environments.
- Pitting Corrosion: Salt water can cause pitting corrosion, where small, localized areas corrode rapidly, creating pits in the copper pipe. This can weaken the pipe and lead to leaks.
Effects of Salt Water Corrosion on Copper Pipe
- Weakening of the Pipe: Corrosion weakens the structural integrity of the copper pipe.
- Leaks: Pitting corrosion and general thinning of the pipe wall can lead to leaks.
- Reduced Water Quality: Corrosion products can leach into the water, affecting its quality and potentially posing health risks.
- Pipe Failure: Over time, corrosion can lead to complete failure of the copper pipe.
Alternatives to Copper for Salt Water Environments
While copper is a common plumbing material, it's not ideal for systems exposed to salt water. Consider these alternatives:
- CPVC (Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride): A plastic pipe that is highly resistant to corrosion from salt water.
- PEX (Cross-linked Polyethylene): Another plastic pipe option that offers good corrosion resistance.
- Stainless Steel: Offers superior corrosion resistance compared to copper, but is more expensive.
- Galvanized Steel and Cast Iron: While more resistant to saltwater corrosion than copper, they can still be damaged over time with exposure.
Conclusion
Salt water significantly corrodes copper pipe, leading to weakening, leaks, and potential failure. When dealing with salt water environments, consider using alternative materials that offer better corrosion resistance.
