FD in dermatology stands for Folliculitis Decalvans, a rare and chronic inflammatory condition affecting the hair follicles.
Here's a more detailed explanation:
Folliculitis Decalvans (FD) is:
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A type of scarring alopecia: This means it causes permanent hair loss due to damage to the hair follicles.
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A neutrophilic dermatosis: Neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, are involved in the inflammatory process.
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Characterized by:
- Perifollicular pustules (pus-filled bumps around hair follicles)
- Crusting
- Inflammation
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Common Locations: Primarily affects the scalp, especially the vertex (the highest point of the scalp).
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Impact: Can significantly impact a patient's quality of life due to the visible hair loss and associated discomfort. It can occur in both men and women.
Key Characteristics and Features of Folliculitis Decalvans:
- Scarring: The inflammation destroys hair follicles, leading to irreversible scarring and hair loss.
- Pustules: Small, pus-filled bumps develop around the hair follicles.
- Crusting: The pustules can rupture and form crusts on the scalp.
- Inflammation: The affected area is typically red, inflamed, and may be itchy or painful.
- Progressive: Without treatment, the condition typically progresses, leading to more extensive hair loss.
Diagnosis and Treatment:
Diagnosis typically involves a clinical examination, a review of the patient's medical history, and a scalp biopsy to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions.
Treatment aims to control the inflammation and prevent further hair loss. Common treatment options include:
- Topical antibiotics: To reduce bacterial colonization.
- Oral antibiotics: Often long-term to control inflammation.
- Topical corticosteroids: To reduce inflammation.
- Isotretinoin: A retinoid medication that can be effective in some cases.
- Other treatments: Other options, such as dapsone, cyclosporine, and biologics, may be used in severe or resistant cases.
It's important to note that treatment can be challenging, and the response can vary from person to person. Early diagnosis and treatment can help to minimize the extent of hair loss.
