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What are signs of liver problems in dogs?

Published in Dog health 3 mins read

Signs of liver problems in dogs can vary widely but often include a range of digestive issues, neurological changes, and visible systemic symptoms. Recognizing these indicators early is crucial for timely veterinary intervention.

Common Signs of Liver Issues

The liver plays a vital role in metabolism, digestion, detoxification, and blood clotting, so when it's not functioning correctly, various body systems can be affected. The symptoms can be subtle at first and progress over time.

Gastrointestinal Symptoms

Many of the initial signs of liver disease are related to the digestive system:

  • Loss of appetite: Dogs with liver problems often show a decreased interest in food, leading to weight loss.
  • Vomiting: Frequent or persistent vomiting can be a sign.
  • Diarrhea: Loose stools are another common digestive upset.
  • Stomach ulceration: This can manifest as bloody vomit or dark, tarry stools, indicating internal bleeding.

Neurological Changes

As the liver's ability to detoxify the blood diminishes, toxins can build up and affect the brain, leading to neurological problems:

  • Seizures: Uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain can cause seizures.
  • Other neurologic problems: This can include disorientation, lethargy, weakness, circling, head-pressing, or behavioral changes.

Visible and Systemic Indicators

Some signs are more visible or indicate a broader systemic impact:

  • Fever: An elevated body temperature can sometimes accompany liver inflammation or infection.
  • Blood clotting problems: The liver produces clotting factors, so impaired liver function can lead to easy bruising or prolonged bleeding.
  • Jaundice: A distinctive yellow tinge noticeable in the skin, mucous membranes (gums), and the whites of the eyes is a classic sign of liver issues, caused by the buildup of bilirubin.
  • Fluid collection in the abdomen (ascites): The abdomen may appear distended or swollen due to fluid accumulation.
  • Excessive urination: Increased thirst often accompanies increased urination, as the kidneys try to compensate for the body's imbalance.

Summary of Liver Problem Signs in Dogs

Here's a quick reference table outlining common signs:

Category Specific Signs
Gastrointestinal Loss of appetite, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Stomach ulceration
Neurological Seizures, Disorientation, Lethargy, Behavioral changes
Visible/General Jaundice (yellow skin/eyes), Fluid in abdomen, Fever, Excessive urination, Blood clotting problems

When to Seek Veterinary Care

If you observe any of these signs in your dog, it's essential to contact your veterinarian promptly. Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve the outcome for dogs with liver problems. These symptoms can also indicate other serious health issues, so a professional diagnosis is always necessary.