Based on some official sources, Goten's power level is stated to be not the least bit inferior to that of Gohan, at certain points in the Dragon Ball series. However, a definitive "yes" or "no" is difficult to provide due to inconsistencies and character progression within the storyline.
The Argument for Near-Equal Power:
- Early Potential: The Daizenshuu, an official guidebook, suggests that Goten possessed remarkable latent power, potentially on par with Gohan during their younger years.
- Training with Trunks: Goten's consistent training with Trunks allowed him to develop his skills and power at a relatively young age, quickly achieving Super Saiyan.
Factors Favoring Gohan's Superiority:
- Gohan's Potential: Gohan has always been portrayed as having greater potential than both Goten and Goku. His rage boosts and unlocking his "Ultimate" form solidified his standing as one of the strongest.
- Training with Goku: Gohan's training regimen with Goku in the Hyperbolic Time Chamber, and later with Piccolo, were extremely rigorous. This allowed him to have more training than Goten.
- Gohan's Age and Experience: Gohan is older and has considerably more combat experience than Goten, a factor that often translates to an advantage in Dragon Ball.
- Gohan's different forms: Gohan's Beast Form (seen in Dragon Ball Super: Super Hero) makes him vastly stronger than any version of Goten that currently exists.
Conclusion
While the Daizenshuu suggests Goten's power was comparable to Gohan at a specific point, the overall narrative progression of Dragon Ball Super, Gohan's more intense training, and his current Beast Form strongly indicate that Gohan is stronger than Goten. Power levels and potential within the Dragon Ball universe are fluid and change with training and circumstances.