The most common reason your elbow locks out is osteoarthritis. As the arthritis progresses, the body sometimes produces extra pieces of bone, called osteophytes, around the joint edges, which can interfere with normal movement and cause the locking sensation.
Here's a more detailed breakdown:
-
Osteoarthritis:
- This is the "wear and tear" type of arthritis that can affect any joint, including the elbow.
- Over time, the cartilage that cushions the joint breaks down.
- The body may try to repair the damage by growing new bone (osteophytes).
- These osteophytes can catch or block movement, leading to locking.
-
Other Possible Causes: While osteoarthritis is the most frequent culprit, other conditions can also cause elbow locking:
- Loose Bodies: Fragments of cartilage or bone can break off and float around inside the joint. These can get caught between the bones and cause the elbow to lock.
- Elbow Dislocation/Subluxation: A complete or partial dislocation of the elbow joint can, in rare cases, lead to locking if structures don't realign properly.
- Ligament Injuries: Severe ligament damage can sometimes affect joint stability and potentially cause locking, though this is less common.
-
What to Do If Your Elbow Locks:
- See a doctor: It's essential to get a proper diagnosis from a medical professional (orthopedic doctor).
- Describe your symptoms: Be prepared to explain when the locking occurs, how often, and if there is any associated pain or swelling.
- Expect an examination and possibly imaging: The doctor will examine your elbow and may order X-rays, an MRI, or other tests to determine the cause of the locking.
- Treatment options: Treatment will depend on the underlying cause and may include:
- Pain relievers: Over-the-counter or prescription medications to manage pain and inflammation.
- Physical therapy: Exercises to improve range of motion, strength, and stability.
- Arthroscopic surgery: In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove loose bodies or osteophytes.