The preferred solution for treating hypokalemia is potassium chloride (KCl).
Here's a breakdown:
- Potassium Chloride (KCl):
- Concentration: Typically available as 2 mEq/mL.
- Osmolarity: Extremely hyperosmolar (4000 mOsmol/L).
- Administration: Requires dilution before administration.
- Peripheral IV: Dilute 1:9.
- Central Line: Dilute 1:4.
Dilution is crucial due to the high osmolarity of KCl, which can cause vein irritation and pain if administered undiluted. As stated in the reference, "Potassium chloride (KCl; 2 mEq/mL) is the preferred solution; this is extremely hyperosmolar (4000 mOsmol/L) and must be diluted 1:9 before administration into a peripheral vein or 1:4 if given centrally."
