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What is Aqua Cremation?

Published in End-of-Life Care 3 mins read

Aqua cremation, also known as alkaline hydrolysis or water cremation, is a gentle, environmentally friendly alternative to traditional flame-based cremation. It's a water-based process that uses a combination of water and alkaline chemicals to accelerate the natural decomposition of the body.

How Does Aqua Cremation Work?

The process is designed to mimic natural decomposition that occurs in soil, but at an accelerated rate. Here's a breakdown:

  • Process: The body is placed in a stainless steel vessel.
  • Composition: The vessel is then filled with a solution that is approximately 95% water and 5% alkali.
  • Alkali Mix: A specific combination of alkalis, primarily sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, are used. These are the same alkalis found in many common household and cosmetic products, including body washes, shaving creams, and even in some food preparation processes.
  • Temperature and Pressure: The solution is heated to a moderate temperature (typically around 300°F or 150°C) and pressurized, which prevents boiling.
  • Dissolution: Over a period of several hours, the alkaline water solution gently dissolves all organic matter, leaving behind only the sterile bone fragments.
  • Remains: Once the process is complete, the remaining bone fragments are rinsed, dried, and then processed into a fine white powder, similar to the "ashes" received after flame cremation. This powder is then returned to the family.

Why Choose Aqua Cremation?

Many individuals and families are increasingly considering aqua cremation due to its distinct advantages:

  • Environmental Impact:
    • Significantly lower energy consumption compared to flame cremation.
    • No atmospheric emissions of harmful gases, mercury, or particulate matter.
    • Produces a sterile liquid effluent, which is safely returned to the water cycle.
  • Gentle Process: It is often described as a more gentle and dignified process, as it does not involve the intense heat of fire.
  • Preservation of Remains: The resulting remains are often whiter and more consistent than those from flame cremation, and in a slightly greater volume.
  • Personal Preference: For those who wish to avoid flame or have concerns about the environmental impact of traditional cremation, aqua cremation offers a compassionate alternative.

Key Aspects of Aqua Cremation

Aspect Description
Primary Medium Water (approx. 95%)
Chemical Agent Alkali solution (approx. 5%)
Alkalis Used Sodium Hydroxide, Potassium Hydroxide
Common Use of Alkalis Cosmetics (body washes, shaving creams), Food preparation
Process Result Sterile bone fragments (returned as "ashes") and sterile liquid effluent
Environmental Benefit Reduced energy use, no air emissions

For more detailed information, you can explore resources on alkaline hydrolysis as a disposition option.