Human growth hormone (HGH), also known as somatotropin, is a 191 amino acid single-chain polypeptide produced by somatotropic cells in the anterior pituitary gland. It's primarily known for regulating growth during childhood.
Here's a breakdown:
- Polypeptide: HGH is a protein composed of a chain of amino acids.
- 191 Amino Acids: This specific number of amino acids determines the protein's unique structure and function.
- Single-Chain: The amino acids are linked together in a single, continuous chain.
- Somatotropic Cells: These are specialized cells located in the anterior pituitary gland.
- Anterior Pituitary Gland: This gland, located at the base of the brain, is responsible for producing and releasing HGH into the bloodstream.
- Somatotropin: This is the scientific name for human growth hormone.
Primary Functions of HGH:
While initially recognized for its role in childhood growth, HGH has a variety of functions throughout life:
- Growth Regulation: Stimulates growth in children and adolescents.
- Cell Regeneration: Promotes cell repair and regeneration.
- Bone Density: Helps maintain bone density.
- Muscle Mass: Increases muscle mass.
- Fat Metabolism: Influences fat metabolism.
- Cognitive Function: May play a role in cognitive function.
In summary, HGH protein is a crucial hormone essential for growth, development, and overall well-being throughout the lifespan, and it is synthesized as a 191-amino acid polypeptide in the pituitary gland.
