Eye discharge, often referred to as "eye boogers," is typically caused by debris trapped in your eye's natural mucus.
Your eyes constantly produce mucus to keep the surface lubricated and to wash away foreign particles. This mucus is secreted by the conjunctiva, the clear membrane covering the white part of your eye. During the day, blinking helps clear away this mucus. However, while you sleep, mucus, along with dead skin cells, dust, and oil from your meibomian glands (oil glands in your eyelids), can accumulate in the corner of your eye and along your eyelashes, resulting in discharge.
Here's a breakdown of common causes and types of eye discharge:
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Normal Eye Discharge: This is usually a small amount of whitish or clear discharge that's present upon waking. It's a normal part of the eye's cleaning process.
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Allergies: Allergic reactions can cause watery, stringy discharge, often accompanied by itching, redness, and swollen eyelids.
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Conjunctivitis (Pinkeye): This inflammation of the conjunctiva can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or allergies. Symptoms include redness, itching, burning, and discharge that can range from watery to thick and yellowish-green. Bacterial conjunctivitis often produces a more significant and pus-like discharge than viral conjunctivitis.
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Dry Eye: Paradoxically, dry eye can lead to increased mucus production as the eye tries to compensate for the lack of lubrication. This can result in watery or stringy discharge.
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Blocked Tear Duct: A blocked tear duct prevents tears from draining properly, leading to excessive tearing and potentially discharge.
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Corneal Ulcer: An open sore on the cornea, often caused by infection or injury, can cause pain, redness, and discharge.
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Stye: This is a painful, red bump near the edge of the eyelid, caused by a bacterial infection of an oil gland. It can cause discharge, along with swelling and tenderness.
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Blepharitis: This inflammation of the eyelids can cause crusting and discharge along the eyelashes.
When to see a doctor:
If you experience any of the following along with eye discharge, consult a healthcare professional:
- Changes in vision
- Eye pain
- Sensitivity to light
- Excessive redness
- Significant swelling
- Thick, colored (yellow, green) discharge
These symptoms could indicate a more serious eye infection or condition that requires treatment.
