Superficial punctate keratitis (SPK) is caused by several factors, all of which irritate the cornea, the clear front surface of the eye. These factors include:
Common Causes of SPK
Several factors can lead to SPK. Here's a breakdown:
- Chemical Exposure:
- Strong Chemicals: When strong chemicals splash into the eye, they can damage the cornea and cause SPK.
- Ultraviolet (UV) Light Exposure:
- Sunlight: Extended periods in the sun without proper eye protection can cause SPK.
- Sunlamps: Tanning beds that emit UV light can also harm the cornea if the eyes aren’t protected.
- Welding Arcs: The intense UV light emitted by welding arcs can lead to SPK if protective eyewear is not used.
- Contact Lens Issues:
- Prolonged Use: Wearing contact lenses for longer periods than recommended can cause the cornea to become irritated and lead to SPK.
- Medication Side Effects:
- Oral or Intravenous Medications: Some medications taken by mouth or through a vein can have SPK as a side effect.
Practical Insights and Solutions
- Prevention is Key:
- Always wear protective eyewear when working with chemicals or in environments with UV exposure (such as welding or tanning beds).
- Follow your eye doctor's instructions for contact lens wear and care. This includes not wearing them longer than recommended and keeping them clean.
- Be aware of the potential side effects of any medication you are taking. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist about managing side effects and alternative treatments, if necessary.
- Recognizing the Symptoms:
- SPK often causes discomfort, so seek medical help from your doctor if you experience redness, sensitivity to light, or excessive tearing.
- Management:
- Your doctor might prescribe lubricating eye drops or ointments to help relieve the symptoms. The treatment depends on the severity and cause of your SPK.
By understanding these causes, you can take necessary steps to protect your eyes and seek timely treatment to manage SPK.
