While "lazy eye surgery" is often discussed, it's important to clarify that surgery typically addresses the underlying cause of lazy eye (amblyopia), which is often strabismus (misalignment of the eyes). Strabismus surgery aims to correct this misalignment. Strabismus surgery is generally considered very safe, but, like all surgical procedures, it carries potential risks.
Here's a breakdown of what you need to know:
Understanding Strabismus Surgery
- Purpose: The primary goal of strabismus surgery is to realign the eyes. This can improve binocular vision (the ability to see with both eyes together) and reduce or eliminate double vision. While it helps with alignment, it may not fully correct established lazy eye that has impacted visual acuity. Vision therapy is often also needed to improve vision.
- How it Works: The surgery involves adjusting the muscles that control eye movement. These muscles are attached to the outside of the eyeball.
Safety Profile and Potential Risks
Strabismus surgery has a high success rate and a generally good safety profile. However, potential risks and complications can include:
- Recurrent Misalignment: The eyes may drift back to their original position or even overcorrect, causing misalignment in the opposite direction. This is a common complication.
- Double Vision: Although the surgery aims to eliminate double vision, it can sometimes occur temporarily or, rarely, become permanent.
- Infection: As with any surgery, there is a risk of infection, though this is rare.
- Bleeding: Minor bleeding is possible, but significant bleeding is uncommon.
- Scarring: Scarring on the eye is usually minimal and not noticeable.
- Loss of Vision: This is an extremely rare but serious complication.
- Scleral Perforation: Very rare, this involves the surgical instrument penetrating the wall of the eye.
- Allergic Reaction: An allergic reaction to anesthesia is always a potential risk with any surgical procedure.
Minimizing Risks
Several factors can help minimize the risks associated with strabismus surgery:
- Experienced Surgeon: Choosing a qualified and experienced ophthalmologist specializing in strabismus surgery is crucial.
- Pre-operative Evaluation: A thorough pre-operative evaluation is essential to identify any potential risk factors.
- Post-operative Care: Following your surgeon's post-operative instructions carefully is important for proper healing and to minimize complications.
Conclusion
Strabismus surgery, often referred to colloquially as "lazy eye surgery" because it can correct the misalignment that contributes to amblyopia, is a relatively safe procedure. However, it's important to be aware of the potential risks and discuss them with your ophthalmologist. A thorough understanding of the procedure, the surgeon's experience, and proper post-operative care can contribute to a successful outcome.
