How is a Finger Joint Fused?
A finger joint fusion, also known as arthrodesis, is a surgical procedure that permanently joins two bones in a finger joint. This effectively eliminates movement in the joint, but significantly reduces pain caused by conditions like osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
The procedure involves several key steps:
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Removal of Damaged Tissue: The surgeon removes the damaged ends of the joint, including the worn cartilage. This removes the source of pain and inflammation.
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Bone Preparation: The surfaces of the bones are carefully prepared to promote bone growth and fusion. This may involve shaping the bone ends for optimal contact.
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Joint Compression: The prepared bone ends are compressed together and held in place using various methods, such as small plates, screws, or pins. This ensures close contact between the bones, encouraging fusion.
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Fusion: Over several weeks, the bones gradually fuse together, forming a solid, immobile joint. Healing typically takes up to 12 weeks.
Some surgeons may use a prosthesis to aid in the fusion process, as noted in the provided text from Advanced Orthopaedics & Sports Medicine.
Indications for Finger Joint Fusion
Finger joint fusion is commonly performed to treat:
- Severe osteoarthritis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Severe joint deformity causing pain and dysfunction
It's a relatively common procedure for advanced arthritis, as confirmed by the Arthritis Foundation and various other sources.
Post-Operative Considerations
Post-operative care is crucial for successful fusion. This typically includes:
- Immobilization of the finger to allow for healing.
- Physical therapy to help restore strength and function to the surrounding joints.
- Pain management strategies.
The healing process can take considerable time, and patients should expect some limitations in the mobility of the fused finger. The goal is to alleviate pain and improve overall hand function, even if full range of motion is lost in the affected joint. The success rate varies depending on factors such as the patient's overall health and the severity of the condition.
