The general rules of first aid revolve around a systematic approach to ensure the safety of both the first aider and the casualty, while providing effective initial care. Here's a breakdown of these essential rules:
First Aid Principles
First aid aims to provide immediate care to an injured or ill person until professional medical help arrives. The following table outlines the general rules, incorporating key steps as referenced.
Rule | Description |
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Assess the situation | Quickly and calmly evaluate the scene for any potential dangers to yourself and the casualty. This includes hazards like traffic, fire, or unstable structures.
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Ensure Safety | Protect yourself and the casualty from any further danger. This might involve moving the casualty to a safer location, if it can be done safely and without causing further harm, and if you need to move the casualty, do so carefully.
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Prevent Infection | Take steps to avoid any transmission of infection. This includes wearing gloves if possible and cleaning any open wounds if this is needed.
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Provide Comfort and Reassurance | Help the injured person feel calm. Speak reassuringly and offer support. Stay with them until help arrives if you can.
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Assess the Casualty and provide first aid | After ensuring initial safety, begin to examine the casualty for injuries or illnesses. Provide the appropriate first aid treatment based on your assessment.
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Arrange for Help | If necessary, call emergency services for professional help. Provide a clear and accurate location of the incident.
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These steps can be remembered with mnemonics such as "DRSABC", which represents Danger, Response, Shout for help, Airway, Breathing and Circulation. However, the fundamental rules revolve around the elements as detailed above: assessing, ensuring safety, preventing infection, providing comfort, and arranging for professional help if needed.