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Why is my fish folding?

Published in Fish Diseases 2 mins read

"Folding" in fish is often used to describe a curved back or spinal deformity, which can stem from several underlying issues. Here's a breakdown of possible causes:

  • Overeating or Constipation: This can lead to a distended abdomen, putting pressure on the spine and causing it to curve over time. A fish that's consistently fed too much is more prone to this.

  • Poor Water Quality: Unsuitable water parameters, such as incorrect pH, ammonia, or nitrite levels, can stress the fish and weaken its immune system, making it more susceptible to diseases that affect the spine. This could also cause spinal deformities.

  • Low Water Temperature: If the water temperature is consistently too low for the fish species, its metabolism can slow down, affecting its overall health and potentially contributing to skeletal issues.

  • Bacterial Infections: Certain bacterial infections can attack the spine and muscles, leading to deformities and a "folded" appearance. Mycobacterium is a common culprit.

  • Parasites: Some internal parasites can affect the fish's organs and nervous system, leading to muscle weakness and spinal curvature.

  • Organ Impairment: Issues with internal organs, particularly the swim bladder, can affect the fish's buoyancy and posture, potentially leading to a curved or "folded" appearance. A malfunctioning swim bladder can cause a fish to have difficulty swimming correctly, potentially leading to a folded appearance.

  • Genetics: In some cases, the spinal deformity may be genetic, especially in inbred or selectively bred fish.

  • Nutritional Deficiencies: A lack of essential vitamins and minerals can weaken the fish's skeletal structure and make it more prone to deformities. Specifically, a lack of Vitamin C can lead to skeletal deformities.

  • Tuberculosis: Fish tuberculosis can lead to a curved spine.

Addressing the cause of a "folded" fish requires a thorough examination of the fish's environment, diet, and physical condition. Water testing, observation of behavior, and potentially veterinary consultation may be necessary.