What is metatarsal?

Metatarsal bones are the long bones in the forefoot that connect your ankle bones to your toes. They are crucial for weight distribution and movement during activities such as walking, running, and jumping.

Metatarsal Anatomy

• There are five metatarsal bones in each foot, numbered from one to five, starting with the big toe (hallux) side and moving to the little toe side.

• Structure:

  • Base: Each metatarsal's base articulates with the cuneiform (medial, intermediate, and lateral) bones and cuboid bone.
  • Shaft: This is the long middle part of the bone.
  • Head: The head of the metatarsal connects to the base of the phalanges (toe bones).

• Location: According to the reference, the metatarsals connect "the distal aspects of the cuneiform (medial, intermediate and lateral) bones and cuboid bone to the base of the five phalanges of the foot."

• They are essential for the foot's arch and flexibility.

Function of Metatarsals

• Weight Distribution: Metatarsals help spread your body weight across the foot, allowing for balance and movement.
• Mobility: They provide a flexible framework for walking and running, allowing the foot to bend and propel the body forward.
• Support: The metatarsals support the foot's arch and provide a foundation for toe movement.

Common Issues

• Metatarsalgia: Pain and inflammation in the ball of the foot, often caused by overuse or high-impact activities.
• Stress Fractures: Small cracks in the bone, commonly seen in athletes.
• Bunions: Often associated with issues in the first metatarsal joint near the big toe.
• Morton's Neuroma: A thickening of nerve tissue, often between the third and fourth metatarsal.

Summary Table

The metatarsal bones play a fundamental role in foot function and overall mobility, supporting daily activities.