In Garmin devices, 3D Speed and 3D Distance are advanced metrics that account for movement in three dimensions – both horizontally across the ground and vertically via elevation changes.
As defined by Garmin, 3D Speed calculates speed using both the elevation change and horizontal movement over ground.
Unlike standard speed, which primarily measures your pace horizontally along a map, 3D Speed factors in how fast you are ascending or descending slopes. When you are moving on a steep incline or decline, your actual speed along the surface of the terrain is often different from your horizontal speed. 3D Speed provides a more accurate representation of your true velocity on the terrain.
What is 3D Distance?
Similarly, 3D Distance calculates the distance traveled using both elevation change and horizontal movement over ground.
Standard distance tracking measures the "as-the-crow-flies" horizontal distance covered across the ground. However, when you move over hilly or mountainous terrain, the actual path you travel is longer because you are also moving up and down slopes. 3D Distance measures the cumulative distance along this three-dimensional path, giving you a more precise total distance for activities with significant vertical movement.
Why Use 3D Speed and 3D Distance?
These 3D metrics are particularly useful for activities where significant elevation changes are common, such as:
- Trail running: Accurately reflects the speed and distance covered on varied terrain.
- Hiking and Trekking: Provides a true measure of the effort and ground covered over hills and mountains.
- Mountain Biking: Essential for understanding speed and distance on technical, undulating trails.
- Climbing/Mountaineering: Critical for tracking progress both horizontally and vertically.
By incorporating elevation data, 3D Speed and 3D Distance offer a more complete picture of your activity compared to traditional 2D metrics.
Standard vs. 3D Metrics Comparison
Here's a quick comparison:
| Metric | Calculation Basis | Best For |
|---|---|---|
| Standard Speed | Horizontal movement only | Flat terrain, roads, tracking pace |
| 3D Speed | Horizontal movement + Elevation change | Hilly/mountainous terrain |
| Standard Distance | Horizontal movement only | Flat terrain, roads |
| 3D Distance | Horizontal movement + Elevation change | Hilly/mountainous terrain |
Enabling 3D Speed and 3D Distance on your Garmin device (if supported) gives you access to metrics that better reflect the actual effort and ground covered when navigating challenging terrain.
